康明斯Q系列電噴柴油發動機ECM輸出電控

The Cummins Q series EFI diesel engine ECM output control

輸出設備

Output device

ECM通過輸入設備輸入的參數，通過內部程序的計算，向各輸出設備輸出控制指令。由于電控柴油機燃油系統的多樣性，各種不同的電控燃油系統，其所具有的執行元件各不相同。以系統昀主要的輸出設備，實現噴油量和噴油正時控制的執行元件為例，中馬力共軌系統通過噴油器來直接實現對噴油量和噴油正時的控制，而有些燃油系統通過單個電磁閥實現對所有 6個缸的控制。 康明斯電噴發動機ECM維修|康明斯電噴發動機ECM輸出維修技術|康明斯電噴發動機ECM電控資料|康明斯電噴發動機ECM維修技術|康明斯電噴發動機ECM維修服務商

ECM entered through the input device parameters through calculation, internal procedures, to the output device output control command. As a result of electronically controlled diesel engine fuel system diversity, a variety of different electronic control fuel system, the executive components vary. The system finally main output device, realize the fuel injection quantity and injection timing control actuator for example, medium horsepower common rail system through the fuel injectors to directly realize the fuel injection quantity and injection timing control, and some fuel system by a single solenoid valve to achieve all 6cylinder control.

電磁閥

Electromagnetic valve

電控系統中昀主要的執行元件為電磁閥。根據電磁閥工作方式的不同，可以分為常開/常閉型（ON/OFF）和脈寬調制型（PWM）。

Electric control system for main Yun actuator solenoid valve. According to the electromagnetic valve means is different, can be divided into a normally open / normally closed ( ON/OFF ) and pulse width modulation ( PWM ).

常開/常閉型（ON/OFF）電磁閥接受來自 ECM的控制信號，其只有兩個開啟狀態，全開或者全閉。所以通常控制這種電磁閥的信號為一個常壓信號。典型的常開/常閉型（ON/OFF）電磁閥有燃油切斷閥、四級廢氣旁通門執行器等。

Normally open / normally closed ( ON/OFF ) electromagnetic valve to receive from the ECM control signal, its only two open, fully open or fully closed. So usually control the electromagnetic valve for a pressure signal signal. Typical of the normally open / normally closed ( ON/OFF ) electromagnetic valve fuel shut-off valve, four stage exhaust bypass door actuator.

脈寬調制型（PWM）執行器其開度可根據控制信號的不同實現連續的變化，所以這種執行器能實現更靈活的控制。如中馬力共軌系統中的燃油計量閥，可以實現對低壓燃油流量的精確控制。

Pulse width modulation ( PWM ) actuator the opening degree can be controlled according to the signals of different realization of continuous change, so that the actuator can achieve a more flexible control. Such as HP common rail system and fuel metering valve, can realize the precise control of low pressure fuel flow.

脈寬調制型（PWM）執行器是通過脈寬調制信號來實現開度連續控制的。脈沖信號是一個頻率不變的信號，通過改變脈沖（高電平）寬度（0-100%之間變化），執行器即可實現相對應的開度變化。 繼電器

Pulse width modulation ( PWM ) actuator is through the pulse width modulation signal to realize the open degree continuous control. The pulse signal is a frequency signal, by changing the pulse width ( high level ) (0-100% changes ), the actuator can realize the corresponding opening change. Relay

繼電器在電控系統中也被用作輸出設備，用于實現小電流對大電流的控制，或者一個電路對多個電路的控制。典型的如下右圖所示的格柵加熱器控制電路。由于格柵加熱器的工作電流很大，無法直接在 ECM內通過，ECM通過控制一個繼電器來控制格柵加熱器的工作。ECM對繼電器的控制電流昀大可以達到 2安培。

Relay in the electronic control system is also used as an output device, used to achieve a small current on current control, or a circuit on a circuit control. Typical as shown on the right of the grid heater control circuit. Because grid heater working current is too big, not directly in the ECM by ECM, through the control of a relay to control the grid heater work. ECM to relay control current Yun can reach 2 ampere.

指示燈

Indicator lamp

指示燈是 ECM向操作者輸出指示信號的輸出設備。這些指示信號包括故障信號、停機警告信號、等待啟動信號和保養提醒信號等等。不同的機型指示燈的設置有所不同，下圖所示為 ISBe發動機指示燈的電路圖。 ISBe指示燈布置

Indicating lamp is ECM operator to output signals indicative of the output device. These instructions signal comprises a fault signal, stop warning signal, waiting for the start signal and the maintenance reminding signal etc.. The different types of lights settings vary, shown in figure ISBe engine indicator diagram. ISBe lamp arrangement

在各種指示燈中，故障警告燈和停機燈是所有機型都配備的，也是系統昀重要的兩個指示燈。由于指示燈是OEM（主機廠）負責安裝的，因此各主機廠采用的指示燈圖案有所不同，具體請參考主機廠的設備使用指導。下圖是故障警告燈和停機燈的一個實例。

In a variety of lights, fault warning lamp and the stop lamps are all models are equipped with the system, but also most important two indicator lights. The indicator is OEM ( OEM ) is responsible for the installation, so the host plant using light patterns vary, please refer to the specific host plant equipment use guidance. The fault warning lamp and the stop lamp is an example.

電控發動機控制系統能顯示和記錄一些運行故障，并將這些故障以故障代碼的形式來表示，這些故障代碼會使故障分析變得容易些。故障代碼記錄在 ECM中，利用儀表板上的故障指示燈或 INSITE服務軟件，可以讀取這些故障代碼。需要特別指出的是并非所有的發動機控制系統故障都會以故障代碼的形式表示出來。

Electronic engine control system can display and record some fault, and the fault to the fault code form to said, these fault code can make fault analysis easier. Fault code is recorded in ECM, using the instrument panel fault indicator or INSITE service software, can read the fault code. It must be pointed out that not all of the engine control system fault can be expressed in the form of fault code.

根據故障的嚴重程度，用兩種不同顏色的故障指示燈加以區別。

According to the fault degree, using two different colors to distinguish the fault indicator.

“WARNING”警告指示燈是黃色的，當這個故障燈亮起時，表明需要盡快排除故障。

" WARNING" warning indicator light is yellow, while the fault warning light comes on, indicate a need as soon as possible troubleshooting.

“STOP”發動機停機指示燈是紅色的，當這個故障燈亮起時，表明需要盡快使發動機安全停機，并及時排除故障。在故障排除以前，不允許啟動發動機。

" STOP" engine shutdown indicator light is red, when the fault warning light comes on, indicate a need as soon as possible so that engine safety shutdown, and timely troubleshooting. In the troubleshooting before, do not allow to start the engine.

要檢查是否存在現行的故障代碼，應將鑰匙開關轉到“ OFF”斷開位置，并將診斷開關轉到“ ON”位置，再將鑰匙開關轉到“ON”接通位置。如果未記錄現行故障代碼，“警告”指示燈和“停機”指示燈同時亮起，而且一直亮。如果記錄了現行故障代碼，“警告”指示燈和“停機”指示燈均會在瞬間變亮，然后開始閃爍所記錄的故障代碼。故障代碼按下列順序進行閃爍：黃色“警告”指示燈亮一下，然后有 1至 2秒鐘的暫停。接著紅色“停機”指示燈閃爍出故障代碼，在每個數字之間會有 1至 2秒鐘的暫停。當紅色指示燈閃爍完故障代碼之后，黃色警告燈再次閃亮，然后，紅燈再次重復閃爍故障號碼。

To check whether the existing fault code, should be the key switch to the" OFF" disconnected position, and the diagnosis of switch to " ON" position, then the key switch to the" ON" on position. If no record of current fault code," warning" and" stop" indicating lamp indicator lamp lights at the same time, and always bright. If the record of the current fault code," warning" and" stop" indicating lamp indicator lamp are in momentarily brighter, then begin to flicker records fault code. Fault codes according to the following order:" warning" flashing yellow light, then there are 1to 2second pause. Then the red" stop" lights out fault code, in between each number will have 1to 2second pause. When the red indicator light flashes through fault code, yellow warning lamp is shining again, and then repeat, red light flashing fault number.

要想察看下一個故障代碼，可將“怠速調節開關向“（+）”位置扳動一下。要想察看上一個故障代碼，只要將“怠速調節開關”向（ -）”位置扳動一下。如果只記錄了一個現行故障代碼，則無論扳動到“（+）”的位置或（-）”的位置，故障燈都將持續地顯示同一個故障代碼。

Want to check a fault code, can be " idle speed regulating switch to" ( + )" position of the. To examine a fault code, as long as the " idle speed regulating switch" to" the position of ( - ). If the only records of a current fault code, regardless of the" ( + )" position or ( - )" position, fault lamp will continue to display the same fault code.

當不使用診斷系統時，應斷開診斷開關。如果診斷開關未斷開，ECM將不會記錄某些故障代碼。由于不同的主機廠在故障燈和診斷開關的布置上會有所不同，在此操作前請詳細閱讀主機廠提供的設備操作和保養手冊。

When not using a diagnostic system, should disconnect the diagnostic switch. If the diagnosis is not disconnect switch, ECM will not record certain fault code. Because of the differences in the host plant in the fault lamp and diagnostic switch arrangement would be different for this operation, please read carefully before the host plant to provide the equipment operation and maintenance manual.

有些車輛上還裝有“等待起動”（WTS）指示燈。冬季起動時，在鑰匙開關接通后的預熱期間，“等待起動”指示燈會亮起。為縮短冬季起動時間，在“等待起動”指示燈熄滅前不得起動發動機。

Some vehicles is also provided with a" waiting to start" ( WTS ) indicating lamp. Starting in the winter, the key switch is turned on during the preheating," wait for instructions starting" exhibit of lanterns lit. In order to shorten starting time in winter," waiting for the starting of" indicator lamp engine must not be started.

“燃油中有水”（WIF）指示燈表明發動機油水分離器中的水需要排出。只要該指示燈閃亮，就要盡快進行排水。有些 OEM將“保養”指示燈和“燃油中有水“（WIF）指示燈的功能綜合在一起。在這種情況下，除了其它保養指示器外，保養指示燈還會顯示“燃油中有水”（WIF）警告。

" The fuel in the water" ( WIF ) indicating lamp indicates engine oil-water separator water needs to be discharged. As long as the lights flashing, as soon as possible for drainage. Some OEM will" maintenance" and" indicating lamp fuel in the water" ( WIF ) indicator function together. In this case, in addition to other maintenance indicator, maintenance indicator will show" fuel in the water" ( WIF ) warning.